Pneumokokkeninfektion

Fraenkel, 1886.

Infektion mit dem α-hämolysierenden Streptococcus pneumoniae.

• In der Schweiz kommt es zu ca. 1000 schweren Erkrankungen pro Jahr
• Infektionen treten meist im Winter auf

S. pneumoniae kolonisiert den oberen Respirationstrakt bei ca. 50% aller Menschen. Im Rahmen einer Pneumokokkeninfektion kommt es zur Infektion der Lunge.

• Es zeigt sich eine akute Lobärpneumonie
• Bei Kindern ist die Manifestation einer Otitis media, Meningitis und Orbitalphlegmone möglich
• Bei Immunsuppression können (bullöse) Erysipele nach einer Pneumonie auftreten

• Klinik
• Blasenflüssigkeit grampositive Diplokokken
• Blutkulturen

1. Pearson FE, Muller DA, Roalfe L, Zancolli M, Goldblatt D, Kendall MA. Functional anti-polysaccharide IgG titres induced by unadjuvanted pneumococcal-conjugate vaccine when delivered by microprojection-based skin patch. Vaccine 2015;33:6675-83.
2. Suzuki K, Hayashi Y, Otsuka H, et al. [Invasive pneumococcal disease of serotype 6C with skin and soft tissue infections in an immunocompetent adult]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 2014;88:849-54.
3. Ponvert C, Scheinmann P, de Blic J. Anaphylaxis to the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine: a second explored case by means of immediate-reading skin tests with pneumococcal vaccines. Vaccine 2010;28:8256-7.
4. Granert C, Raud J, Lindquist L, Lindbom L. Treatment with an anti-CD18 monoclonal antibody in rabbits inhibits pneumococcal-induced leukocyte recruitment in the skin, but not in the meninges. Med Microbiol Immunol 2002;191:97-100.
5. Ponvert C, Ardelean-Jaby D, Colin-Gorski AM, et al. Anaphylaxis to the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in child: a case-control study based on immediate responses in skin tests and specific IgE determination. Vaccine 2001;19:4588-91.
6. Sakata N, Yasui M, Kawa K. Pneumococcal arthritis affects performance status in patients with chronic GVHD of the skin following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Int J Hematol 2001;74:90-4.
7. McArthur MA, Simor AE, Campbell B, McGeer A. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination and tuberculin skin testing programs in long-term care facilities: where do we stand? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1995;16:18-24.
8. Combe P, Raffi A, Cortell G. [Bullous pneumonia & pneumococcal meningitis in an infant with a positive tuberculin skin reaction]. Pediatrie 1957;12:685-7.
9. San-Tjiang B. [Lupus erythematosus, pneumococcal peritonitis and necrosis of skin due to anticoagulants]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1956;100:643-6.
10. Wood WB. The Control of the Dosage of Antiserum in the Treatment of Pneumococcal Pneumonia. I. A Study of the Mechanism of the Skin Reaction to Type Specific Polysaccharide. J Clin Invest 1940;19:95-104.
11. Wood WB. The Control of the Dosage of Antiserum in the Treatment of Pneumococcal Pneumonia. Ii. The Clinical Application of the Francis Skin Test. J Clin Invest 1940;19:105-21.
12. Macleod CM, Hoagland CL, Beeson PB. The Use of the Skin Test with the Type Specific Poly-Saccharides in the Control of Serum Dosage in Pneumococcal Pneumonia. J Clin Invest 1938;17:739-44.
13. Robert-Koch Institut. (2015). Rki.de. Retrieved 13 May 2016, from https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Infekt/EpidBull/Archiv/2015/Ausgaben/34_15.pdf?__blob=publicationFile
14. Bundesamt für Gesundheit - Pneumokokken-Erkrankungen. (2015). Bag.admin.ch. Retrieved 13 May 2016, from http://www.bag.admin.ch/themen/medizin/00682/00684/01097/?lang=de