Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

Last Updated: 2023-09-28

Author(s): Anzengruber F., Navarini A.

ICD11: 1F23.14

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Candidiasis, chronic mucocutaneous, CMC.

Group of persistent diseases characterised by Candida infection of the skin and mucous membrane.

Often starts with children.

  • Different causative factors may be involved in chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
  • The infection usually occurs in the presence of immune disorders (thymic aplasia, agammaglobulinemia, malignant lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, malignant tumours, immunosuppressants, hypoparathyroidism, hypoadrenocorticism and iron deficiency)
  • Because of increased familial occurrence, a genetic association can be assumed

  • Simultaneous occurrence of several candidoses (candidiasis of the oral mucosa incl. larynx and oesophagus, perlèche, vulvovaginal candidiasis, intertriginous candidiasis, paronychia candidamycetica - see respective underlying disease)
  • Furthermore, eye diseases (blepharitis and conjunctivitis), urethritis, haematuria, urethral strictures, cystitis, diarrhoea, multiple endocrinological disorders, chronic rhinitis, chronic recurrent pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis and spontaneous pneumothorax can occur.
  • The granulomatous inflammatory reaction is often very pronounced.

  • Family history
  • Clinical
  • Myco. smears (native and culture)
  • Biopsy if necessary

Chron. rec. Course.

  1. Kirkpatrick CH. Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 2001;20:197-206.
  2. Puel A, Döffinger R, Natividad A, et al. Autoantibodies against IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22 in patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I. The Journal of Experimental Medicine 2010;207:291-7.